Hammer construction.



H. E. DERBYSHIRE.

HAMMER CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1, 1911.

Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

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H. B. DBRBYSHIRR. HAMMER CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1, 1911. I I 1,077,812. Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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HAMMER CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.1, 1911.

Patnted Nov. 4, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

nnrrnn srarns remand or nron HENRY E. DERBYSHIRE, 0F CHAMBERSBIIRG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 CHAM- BERSBURG ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF CHAMBEBSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A COB,

IPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

HAMMER CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

Application filed November 1, 1911. Serial No. 657,938.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY E. DERBY- SHIRE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chambersburg, Franklin county, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Hammer Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the frame and anvil construction of hammers particularly designed for drop forge work and of the type in which the frames rest on and are bolted to the anvil.

In hammers of the above noted type, it has been found diflicult to obtain large anvil castings which were sound and free from shrinking strains and at the same time of the proper construction to successfully withstand the heavy duty required of them.

One object of my invention, therefore, is

to so, construct the frame and anvil that the latter shall be capable of resisting the strains to which it is subjected and particu-; larly shall be of such a form as to resist a tendency to breakage.

I further desire to provide a form of hamf mer construction which, while being capable of successfully withstanding the heavy work for which it is intended, shall have an anvil of relatively great depth, with the bolts connecting the frame and the anvil so disposed that there shall be no recesses or pockets which might serve as the starting respectively on the lines a--a,' Z Fig. 1

Fig. 6, is a fragmentary horizontal section of a portion of a hammer in which adjust able guides are employed; Fig. 7, is a slightly modified form of an anvil; Figs. 8 and 9, are respectively a front and a side elevation of a form of hammer in which the anvil and frame are integral and Figs. 10 and 11, are respectively a front and side elevation of a slightly modified form of hammer.

In Figs. 1 to 5 of the above drawings, 1

in their adjacent faces relatively deep grooves fitted on correspondingly formed tongues 3 of the anvil. This latter is also provided with transverse ledges 4L on which rest the lower ends of the side frames and these latter are clamped together and to the upper tongued portion of the anvil indicated at 1 by two sets of bolts 5 and 6' so placed as to extend clear of the anvil. These bolts may be shrunk into place or tightened up in the usual way so as to constitute a reinforcement of or addition to the strength of the anvil so as to assist in resisting the strains which occur therein.

In order to hold the side frames down on the anvil so as to resist the lifting strains due to the rebound when a blow is struck by the head or ram, I provide dowel pins 7 in the sides of the anvil extension 1 fitting in suitably formed recesses in the adjacent faces of said side frames.

The top portions of the side frames are held together by tie plate 8, lipped over or re cessed for the reception of said ends which are also clamped together by bolts 9. This top plate is also upwardly flanged or lipped to assist in holding in place the structure 10 constituting the cylinder casting in which operates the piston whose rod llis attached to the ram 12. Thislatter is longitudinally recessed as shown in Fig. 4: for the reception of guides formed integral with the side undercut adjacent this; cap 1 1, as indicatedat' 15 and 16, and the cap is upwardly tapered so that a key 17 driven between it andone of the side frames cooperates with the other side frame to hold it in placeon the anvil. v notched for the reception of dies which may be of any desired form. i I v In place of the dowel pins? I may form an extension of the upperport-ion of the anvil as indicated at 1", Fig. 7, making it Both the cap and ram are taper downwardly toward the body or main portion of the anvil and shaping the lower portions of the side frames so that they fit the extension, with the result that their tendency to lift, under operating conditions, is effectually resisted.

In that form of my invention-shown'in Figs. 8 and 9 each of the side frames 2* is 3 i the cap which, as previously shown, is

flanged at its end so as to closely" fit the anvil extension and also has a key 17 serving to hold it in place. Dowel pins 7 connect the lower portions of the two castings, of which each is formed of one of the side frames and half of the anvil there being also a transversely extending tongue 7 b on one of the anvil halves, designed to closely fit a recess of corresponding'form in the other half of the anvil. v

Anothe r' form of my invention is shown in Figs. 10 and 11 in which, as in the case shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the anvil consists of a main body portion 1 and an extension 1 The side frames 2 rest upon or are mounted in ledges in the upper portion of the anvil and in this case are clamped together by a single pair of bolts 5 which pass through openings in the anvil extension 1. The cap 14 has its lower portion upwardly tapered and is held to the undercut lower portions of the side frames by a key 17, as previously described. In any case, however, it is to be noted that the anvil is of a relatively deep construction; that the joints between its parts or between it and the side frame partially or' wholly consist of meeting faces which lie in substantially vertical planes. The parts of the anvil or the side frames and anvil are clamped together by horizontal bolts which usually extend clear of the anvil itself so that there is no weakening of the latter nor any requirement for bolt-receiving pockets. The side frames are provided with under-cut portions designed .to coeperate with similarly formed parts of the anvil cap which, in the preferred form of my invention, is downwardly flanged so as to be properly held in place. As a result, of this construction, splitting or cracking of the anvil is obviated and by means of the dowel pins or tapered anvil extensions, the lifting tendency of the rebound is effectually resisted.

While 1 preferably use bolts 5, of the form 1 shown, for connecting the parts of the harm mer structure, it is obvious that any of the other forms of connecting means may be employed for this purpose without departing from my invention.

I claim:

1. The combination in a hammer of a ram; oppositely placed side frames having guides for the ram and each having a substantially vertical clamping face an anvil between the lower parts of the side" frames; with bolts extending clear of the anvil and connecting said side frames.

2; The combination in a hammer of a ram; an anvil; side frames having guides for the ram and formed with substantially vertical joints between them and the anvil; and bolts connecting said parts.

The combination in a hammer of a ram; side frames having guiding meansfor the ram; an anvil formed to' have substantially vertical joints with the anvil; and bolts engaging said' frames on opposite sides of the anvil in positions to reinforce the lateral strength of the latter. I

4. The combination in a hammer of a ram; oppositely placed side frames having means for guiding the ram; an anvil and means passing through said frames for holdingsaid parts; together, the joints between the anvil and the frames being substantially vertical.

5. The combination in a hammer of a ram; side frames having guides for the rain; an anvil between the lower parts of the frames, said anvil and frames being made in a plurality of parts having at least one vertical joint with bolts extending clear of the anvil and tying said side frames together.

6. The combination in; a hammer, of a ram an anvil; oppositely placed side frames having guiding means fo'rthe ram; and means for holding the side frames together and to the anvil, the joints between the anvil and the frames being substantially vertical, and said frames being recessedfor the reception of said anvil. v

7.- A hammer structureincluding' a rain; an anvil and two side frames made in a plurality of parts having a substantially vertical joint or joints between them; the side frames having guiding means for the ram with means passing through and rigidly connecting the side frames to each other.

8. The combination in a hammer,ofai"am; an anvil therefor; oppositely placed side frames having me'ans for guiding the ram; means for holding the side frames together; a cap for the anvil; and means cooperating with the cap the side frames for holding said cap in position. i

9. The combination in a hannner, of a ram; an anvil therefor; oppositely placed side frames provided with means for guiding the ram and having undercut portions adjacent the top of the anvil; means for holding the side frames together; a cap for the anvil fitting the under cut portion of one of the side frames; and a key cooperating with the cap and the undercut portion of the other side frame for holding said cap in position.

10.The combination in a hammer, of a ram; an anvil therefor; oppositely placed side frames having means for guiding the ram; means passing through said side frames for holding said frames together; the joints between the anvil and the frames being substantially vertical; with means for preventing relative vertical movement of said parts.

11. The combination in a hammer, of a ram;'ananvil therefor; oppositely placed side frames having means for guiding the ram; means passing through said side frames for holding said frames together; the joints between the anvil and the frames being substantially vertical; and dowel pins between the anvil and the frames for pre- Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

venting relative vertical movement of said parts.

12. The combination in a hammer, of a ram; an anvil therefor having vertical faces and ledges adjacent thereto; side frames respectively resting on said ledges, provided with means for guiding the ram and having portions bearing against said vertical faces; with bolts connecting said frames outside of the anvil structure. 7

13. The combination in a hammer, of a ram; an anvil therefor; side frames having means for guiding the ram; means for holding said parts together; a cap for the anvil having flanges for positioning it thereon; and means for retaining the cap in place.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY E. DERBYSHIRE.

, lVitnesses:

A. A. LONGAKER, SARAH T. FROMMEYER.

Washington, D. G. 

